Improvement in gas-burners



H. MONIER. GAS' BURNER.

No. 77,749. Patented Ma 12-, 1868..

In 7192x1 HYPOLITE MONIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

- Letters Patent 170. 77,749, dated Mag '12, 1868 IMPROVEMENT IN GAS-BURNERS..

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TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be itknown tha't'I, Hironrru Momnm-"of Paris','in the Empire of France, have invented a certain new and improved Burner for Gas and other Lighting-Apparatus and'I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,'and exact description of the some, reference being hadtc the acccm panying drawings.

I make the burner in such manner that. openings ordranght-holes may be formed by means of two or several pieces of glass, or'other suitable transparent material, fitted together face to face, having formed, throughout their length or .widtb, openings or coneavities, varying according to requirements. Thus, when the two plates or pieces of glass are brought together face to face, the openingsor conc'avities in one plate will come opposite those in the other plate, thereby forming a series of draught-holes, or one phite only may have concavities, the other being. plain, as may be desirable. I ciaim this improvement as applicable not only to my new gas-burner, but also to other gas-burners, for dividing the air into a number of small streams, and also to all kinds of burners for oil-lumps.

In the formation of the'metallic portion'of thebur-ner, I prefer to employ an alloy, which, although fusible, can be employed in my gas-burners, because the heat. produced is never high enough to' molt the said alloy, in consequence of the new arrangements, and of the treble draught system introduced therein, and which is not used in other gas-burners or oil-lamp burners.

My new burner is composed, first, for the metallic parts, of an alloy of tin, lead, regulus, and copper, combined "in certain proportions, hereinafter mentioned; secondffor the tube and burner, ofplastic porcelain, earthenware, and any refractory clay; third, for the draughtiug system, of glass or other vitrifiable and transparent'materials, constructed and arranged to operate in connection with the other parts of the burner, in the manner hereinafjzer specified.

To enable those skilled in the art to understand and use my-invention, I will now proceed to describe. the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, by reference to the drawiiigs accompanying and forming part of this specification. 7

Figure l is the tube, A, of the burner; itis formed ota refractory substance. The trunk of cone 0 is arranged so that the holes for the passage of gas may be bor ed between the external part A of the cylinder and the trunk .of cone 0. At about two-thirds of its height this tube isprovidedexternally with a flange, B, and has at its base and internally, a groove, E, which may be seen in the seetjon of the burner, Figure 2. The use of the flange B and of the groove E will be hereafter explained. I

In the section, fig. 2, will'be seen thc position of the cone 0, and the space'betweenthe said cone and'the cylinder A, where the passage of gas takes place.

Figure 3 represents a burner, without an external tube; it is similar to the ordinary brass burners, except that it is rather longer and that it is composed ofiftimmlead, and regulus, in the-.proportions-of fifty-seven parts.

of tin, thirty-eight of-lead, and five of rcgul us, foreveryjono hundred parts; v

I would remark that these proportions may bevaried to a small extent, and-that a small proportion of copper may be added. This alloy is very fusible, and cohld not be used iii-themauufacture of the ordinary burners, which give too great heat. The new arrangements introduced by me inthe'coustruction of gas-burners.

produce much less heat, and allow the use of that alloy; thus a very great advantage will be obtained in the manufacture, because the part of the burner which I call the fork, can .be melted iu-a mould,.from which it passes, already bored, and providecl 'with an vinternalnnd external screw-thread, G. Its upper part, It, is formed in the shupe'of a hollow cone, where the biirner,'-G, of the tube, A, will be introduced. The fork is alsoprovided with a ring or shoulder, M, which enters the tube a little above the groove E.

"When the fork has been so introduced in the tube, the base of the latter is covered with a suitable plastic compound, which enters the groove E, thereby forming an air-tight joint. The ring M holds the fork in proper position, and prevents its going down, whilst the bearings jj prevent its penetrating too farin the interior of the tube A. The space between the internal cone 0 add the upper part of theifork F is likewise cemented, 'to prevent the passage of gas through it- Figure 4 shows the fork and the tube; connected together, and forming the burner. Figure 22 is aferrule,-R, tbrough'which passes the tubeA'; it iii-bored with holes to divide the air into small streams necessary for the complete combustion of the gas 011 its external circumference are five flexible branches, which can be bent at will, as shown in Figures 12 and 27.

.Figure 20 is a. ferrule, somewhat. resembling the one above dosoriaed, except that it has no holes, and that its side, R directly, clasps the tube A, this part being bent inward. Figures 20 and 21 represent this ferrule.

'Figure 5 is a cone, S, made of, glass, and having a large brim, 1, upon which are small bearings, X, for the globe or chimney to stand upon; they allow-the passage of the air between the brim T and the chimney or globe. The base of the cone S is indented .as sockets generally are, and its interior isifluted, so that it any object-beput under the brim T, or even internally, this object, although flat, would always leave some openings for thepassage of the air.

' Figure is a plan of the some, and shows the grooves in theinterior.

Figure Tis a sort of glass ftulip,,W, the'topof which is displayed and indented; it is put on the br'im T,

and it is through theopenings produced by the concavities existing between the two socketsthat the passage of the air takesplace. Itcan' be plain or fluted internally. Thisarrangement of the socket and of the cone S, replaces, with the snme advantug'es, the boring of the basketsused in the ordinary 'gas-burners'.

To put up this burner, it then sufices to take the. already prepared tube, fig. 4, to iutroduoe-it in the opening R, figs. 20 or 22, to afterwards bend the branches N 1?, on the glass cone S, fig. 5, and to put the -tulip W underneath. As the screw-thread G, of 'the fork, passes beyond the tulip, all the pieces are fastened and tightened'together "by means of the smallscr'ew-nut y, Figaro 9.

Figurejlil represents a jchimney applicable to my system of glass burner. This chimney is cylindricab for two-thirds of its'length, and conicalfor the remaining .portion. I give to thechimney, fig. 1Q, a'new form,"

represented in Figure 11, a". follower. 'The lower part is wide and cylindrical, for about a fifth part of the total height, the remainder is like theprecediug one. This modification will be hereinafter explained. The whole glass burner, with all its accessories, is represented in 12.

Ihave placed, in its proper position, a new model of v the glass globe, V, which may be made plain or'with facets." The top is like aChinese-parasol or a parachute; it can beground, cnamelled, or silvered, to increase the reflection of the light; it can be supported by any other means, than the one shown at fig. 12,, an-dmay be applied not only to any burner whatever, but to; any street-lamp on a larger scale.

The upper opening-may be covered with the cap of any ordinary lantern or window-lamp. This globe, which surrounds the chimney, is supported, as in ,my-systcm of glass burners, by the globe-holde r,'K.- A treble draught is then produced-firstly,' one through the interior of the tube A, and coming from' the interstices between thecone S and the iudentationsof the socket 'W secondly, through the space between thecone. and

the tube, and coming from the same source; thirdly, between the chimney and the exterior of-thc cone, through theaforesaid support which is embossed on the brim T. The arrows indicate the current of the air.

Figure 28 is a portion of the cone S, more or less long, according to requirement, and principally serving to dispense'with the globe-holders of the Manchester burners, and toapply the holders ofmy own invention by the means shown in figs.-8, 9,22, and 28., y i 'Figure 29 is the section of i a Manchester burner, all set up, 'showing'how the above-mentioned pieces can be applied to that burner. w

I can also use, as will be explained, the device'shown in fig. 28, or in fig.5, tor-splice the basket, this change havi ugl the advantage of removing the shade, in ordinary brass burners and to oil lamp burners, in which such device will serye .as basket, glohe-holder, 85's., as may be seen in Figures 18 and 19, the description of which follows. Fig. 19 is a section of an ordinary brass burner showihg the internal arrangements. I apply to it the cone of the fig. 5, which is tinted in blue.- Ialso apply toit the ferrulemfig. 20, tinted in red'. The brass burnerA is provided witha short screw-thread, to allow the ferrnles to be screwed,- aud prevent the oscillation and rising up of the cone; likewisefor th'e ferrules, shown in Figures 23 and Z4, and fitted as is explained in fig. 18, tinted in yellow. The burner is thus prevented from sinking. The glass cone and the solidity of all the parts are then secured. I 4

' L' in certain cases, replace that ferrule by another, whichisshown at Figure 225, also 'in section as the preceding one; it'is not provided with branches, and rests against a'projection on the interior-fifths cone S.

This ferrule is tinted yellow. "Should the top of 'the cone betoo open, and the draught too strong, or too rapid I remedy these inconveniences by putting a compact ferrule between the one screwed. on the burner and the glass cone; it is tiutedia carmiue',and is represented by the letter F in Figure 26.

Figure 27 represents a burner set up in'positim with the triform-chimney U..

I have hereiubefore, spoken of two chimneys, represented, in figs. 10 and 11. The first one can be easily applied to all myimodels of glass burners, but if I wish to apply it to ordinary gas-burners without removing the gallery L, as may he sometimes. desirable, I are obliged to alter this chlnney, so that instead of fitting into the gallery,.a s ordinary chimneys, 'it will surround the said gallery externally, which alteration consists as widening the, chimney. 'But'asthe widening, if made iuthewhole length of the chimney, might cause some oscillation, I maintain the. ordinary size, fig. 10, except for about one-fifth of its height at the bottom, which part: is: cylindrical, but wider than the rest. The middle is also cyliudrical,'but of a lesser diameter. The

top, being about the third part of the whole height, is conical whence Icall it triform. It has the advantage over ordinary chimneys of not being so near the light, and oonsequentlj'thor'e is much less risk'of its being broken and soiled.

Therefore, either on my glass burner or on any other gas-burner or oil-lamp burner, it will always surround.

the old galleries, of any shape whatever. 1!; maybe remarked that I'place it so that it surrounds the galleryinstead of fitting into it, as is done in the ordinary gas-burners, and then it is wider than the chimneys of ordinary burners, as shown .at Figure 13, and its disposition is shown at Figure '16.

- I To introduce the chimney into the interior of the gallery, I should have been obliged to widen this gallery, which would have produced some shade, and I avoid this inconvenience by placing it outside the gallery, and in that case it conld'o'nly s'erve for burners made purposely. .But my system of triform chimneys, and the manner in which they are supported, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, willenable me to use them with most of the ordinaryburnersalready existing, and toihnve them, supportedajf necessary, by the globe-holder, if there is any.

Figure 14 shows'a burner without the basket, but with the gallery In Between the latter andvthe edge, M, of the burner, the ferrule, fig. 22, is placed, tinted in yellow. It is'then seen that the'branches, N O P serve as chimney-holder and globe-holder, and that the gallery L'is inside the chimney U.

Figure 15 represents anotherarrangement,'where the burner z is made with its basket, g, and as the latter has no globe-holder, this absence has been remedied by providing the interior of the basket with a ferrule,

R, resting on the brim M.

Care should be taken to cut, in the circumferenccIof the bas'ket, small-notches, to facilitate .the'egress of thebranches of the ferrule, which branches then sufliciently overreach to support the chimney andthe globe. The ferrule is maintained by the gallery L, which presses against the brim 'M, and prevents its oscillation.-

Figure 17 is a plan of the -said'arran'gemnt. i

Figure 16 shows the burner set up in position. p Figure 30 is a key, to screw and unscrew the burner; it is introduced through the aperture ofrthe'burnel', and exercises its power between the branches 'of'the fork I Figure 31 represents an'elbowed joint, like the ordinary ones,-with the difi'erenc'e that it is made of fusible material, and is cast, at one stroke, the others being of a harder'substance.

It will bere'adily understood, without further explanation, that the improvements whiclrxhav'e been above described'in connection with gas-burners, can likewise be applied to oil lan p'or other like burners.

'In conclusion, I-would remark that there is no shade,' no oxidatiorp; there is less vscillation of the light, hence less fatigue to the eyes; a softer light, and a better appearance and clean lincss; an increase of light, and a decrease of ealoric lastly, a notable and undeniable economy.

Having'now described my invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcnt,is-

1. The comhination,,with a gas or other-burner, such as herein'describsd, of'nn interally-fluted cone or chimney-rest, of glass or other transparent material, surrounding'the same, and a cnp,'R, or its equivalent, the

whole-being constructed and arranged as specified, so that air shall pass to the flame through the interior of theburner, between the burner and the cone, and between the cone and the chimney, as and for' the purposes set foi'th.

2-. The combination, with the burner, of the internally-fluted glass cone and-chimney-seat, and the corrugated and fluted glass tulip, applied to the said cone, in the manner and for the purposes shown and specified.

- HYPO. MONIER.

Witnesses:

E. Pruitt Gnosmnx. 

